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甘肃鸟的新材料及其解剖和行为习性的补充研究

发布时间:2011年11月08日  作者:张玉光

李岩1 张玉光2,4 周忠和3,4 李志恒5 刘迪3,4 汪筱林3,4 

(1 甘肃省博物馆甘肃 730050)

(2 北京自然博物馆  北京  100050  towyu@sohu.com)

(3 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所  北京  100044)

(4 中国科学院脊椎动物进化系统学重点实验室  北京  100044)

(5 美国德克萨斯州立大学杰克逊地球科学学院  美国奥斯丁  德州78712)

摘  要:继1984年首次报道甘肃玉门昌马地区发现的早白垩世甘肃鸟及2006年记述多件甘肃鸟标本以来,本文再次对发现于2004-2006年间的9件甘肃鸟标本进行形态的详细观察,补充描述甘肃鸟新的骨骼特征,如包括:侧面保存的胸骨,有较完整的镰刀形龙骨突及胸骨的背侧特征等;部分前肢的骨骼上有位于关节位置、呈短长方形的尺腕骨和桡腕骨;指式“2-3-1”,小指骨的爪节完全退化消失;后肢各趾中第一趾节最长,趾爪短小并弯曲度小;第Ⅰ趾相对较短、细弱,与其他趾相对握;第三趾粗壮,略短于第四趾。在胫跗骨和跗跖骨关节处保存有鳞片状的皮肤印痕,趾骨间有蹼的印痕。通过指示性骨骼测量的三元分析,得出甘肃鸟是一类善飞的潜水鸟类,其习性接近于部分现生的鸭科成员,与之前有关甘肃鸟生活习性的推测较为接近。

关键词:甘肃鸟,早白垩世,新材料,习性

NEW MATERIAL OF GANSUSAND A DISCUSSION ON ITS HABIT

LI Yan1  ZHANG Yu-Guang2,4  ZHOU Zhong-He3,4  LI Zhi-Heng 5 LIU Di 3,4  WANG Xiao-Lin 3,4

(1 Gansu Museum,Lanzhou 730050)

(2 Beijing Museum of Natural History,Beijing 100050  towyu@sohu.com)

(3 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044)

(4 Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044)

(5 Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, TX 78712)

Key words  Gansus;Early Cretaceous;new material;habit

Abstract:

Some newly discovered postcranial material ofGansusyumenensis are described, adding to our understanding of the skeletal anatomy of this basal ornithurine. Such anatomical features include a laterally exposed sternum with a sickle-shaped keel, the ulnare with small metacarpal incision, complete loss of ungual of the minor digit, and manual phalangeal formula of “2-3-1”,as well as some more detailed features of the leg bones. The new material not only provided additional evidence of interdigital web but also preserved some scale-like skin impressions near the joint between the tibiotarsus and tarsometatarsus. A statistic analysis of the measurements of the sternum and major elements of the leg ofGansusfurther supports the hypothesis that this bird was a volant and diving bird, similar to that of extant ducks.

发表于《古脊椎动物学报》,2011494):435-445